Tuesday, August 25, 2020

Benefit of watching television Essay

Numerous individuals think TV has for the most part a negative effect on their lives since TV shows a great deal of brutality, tattle, and sexual things. They figure sitting in front of the TV will burn through their time, issue their reasoning, and give terrible exhibits to their kid. As a matter of fact, a great many people hold an inappropriate perspectives about sitting in front of the TV; it is gainful to stare at the TV. Here are the reasons why. As a matter of first importance, there is the data that I can retain from TV. Every day news, for instance, has a ton of data that I never think about and reports a ton of episodes which occur far and wide, for example, America sends armed force and aviation based armed forces to Iraq and gets its leader, incidentally, we can learn data as well as about various social orders, societies, and customs I can not gain from news, for example, some peculiar conventions of a little city that I have never heard in China or another little nation toward the side of the earth. In spite of the fact that I invest my energy in TV yet I get something more significant and accommodating than what I expend. Furthermore, there is the fervor that I can get from TV when I am exhausted. There are many energizing motion pictures on HBO, for example, â€Å"Terminator I, II, and III† are awesome motion pictures to brighten me up. Numerous guardians believe that sort of energizing films are unreasonably vicious for their kids to watch since they reprimand the motion pictures for their children’s conduct as opposed to mention to their kids what is correct and what's up; moreover, guardians and grown-ups can watch â€Å"RoboCop† without anyone else and they can appreciate the film without stressing over their kids learning awful things or savage practices from it. To wrap things up, there is the incitement that I can bring to my mind from the TV, for example, the show †Super Millionaire. This program is exceptionally well known in America as well as in my nation †Taiwan since individuals can join the game in their homes with the members at the TV channel, and this can animate my cerebrum by contemplating and addressing the inquiries even I can’t truly get the reward on the off chance that I found the right solution. In addition, I can bring in the show to win the prize if there is no champ today; this sort of TV program suits the two youngsters andâ adults; there is no awful impact or reactions. To summarize, it is regarding retaining data, getting energy, and animating my cerebrum with the goal that TV has no negative however just positive effects on my life. On the off chance that I need to learn or know something by another route rather than TV, I genuinely accept that I will invest more energy and more cash to arrive at my objective.

Saturday, August 22, 2020

Gender discrimination and women's promotion in workplaces Research Paper

Sexual orientation separation and ladies' advancement in working environments - Research Paper Example hrough support in the social equality development and as backers for the network based gatherings that grew up around that development and President Johnson War on Poverty. The thoughts were an endeavor to bode well out of the work showcase issues as the individuals in these networks experienced them (or if nothing else portrayed their encounters) and to depict the work advertise as these individuals saw it.â 1. As Blau and Jusenius have brought up, on the grounds that organized inner work markets treat laborers as individuals from gatherings and will in general treat laborers inside these gatherings reliably, separation among ladies and men is probably going to appear as isolating ladies and men into various occupations, instead of paying them inconsistent for the equivalent job. 17. In general, in organized interior work advertises, all people in a similar activity are probably going to be similarly paid, with the exception of execution or position differentials. This leaves open the reasons ladies and men are probably going to be separated, however it suggests that section level occupations are probably going to be distinctive for people and masterminded in various employment families with the goal that isolation will be kept up all through ones profession in the firm. This is definitely what Kelley found. Past that, womens work stepping stools might be shorter, and different meth ods of keeping up separation in the firm may exist. For instance, Osterman proposes that in a distributing firm he contemplated differential open door was kept up by keeping ladies in the most minimal evaluation levels of different occupation groups.18. Institutionally, that sort of separation could be supported by setting ladies in work titles that vary from related employments that men hold or perhaps by finding them in various divisions. Such perceptions recommend that the impacts of inner work markets vary for people, regardless of their accentuation on reliable standards. The guidelines of the game are nonpartisan all over however divergent in their effect. The rules may likewise contrast in various pieces of the

Skin Care Essays - Cosmetics, Eye Shadow, Lipstick, Human Skin Color

Healthy skin All through the late 1800's and until the present, beauty care products and healthy skin have been significant in the lives of ladies in America. Certain patterns have traveled every which way, similarly as some have remained. In the previous 100 a long time, the jobs and lives of ladies have changed definitely, however their beautifiers have consistently been near. Beguile books alongside bit by bit manuals give us today an investigate the past. Commercials are additionally a extraordinary wellspring of history. Utilizing these methods, focal topics in beautifying agents can be resolved, basically. All through the previous century, satisfying your man, looking characteristic, and being an advanced, contemporary lady with a new youthful look, have been critical to the corrective organizations and to their female purchasers. In the late 1800's, beautifiers were being created and offered to school matured ladies and more seasoned. Be that as it may, a huge lip service was happening. Ladies were being informed that it was important to wear beauty care products, in any case, it was vain to wear observable make-up. It was cited from St. Paul's Magazine that, If a young lady has the preliminary of an appearance so terrible that seeing it gives one a turn, it is essentially an obligation for her either not to go into society by any stretch of the imagination, or, on the off chance that she does, to disguise it?you reserve no option to cause your incidents on everyone it is an unforgivable offense against great taste (Williams 113). The ladies of this time were being barraged with blended messages. Their issues with this affectation were settled to just wearing a light powder and rouge. Hues worn were generally corals and peaches in light of the fact that more brilliant hues would not give the fitting picture that the lady was attempting to pass on. Their objective was to pass on a characteristic shine that solid ladies had. There were the years at the point when ladies were slapping their cheeks and gnawing their lips to draw 'normal' shading to their face. It was additionally cited that, Each school young lady's room ought to be fitted with a mirror, so that in any event, when submerged in her examinations the youngster ought not be careless of her appearance (Williams 113). Indeed 100 years prior, ladies were being compelled to know about their appearance consistently. The mid 1900's achieved a slight change in ladies' beauty care products. Lipsticks were the standard what's more, mascara and eyeshadow were accentuated as fundamental for eveningwear. This occurred after the First World War. Additionally, in the 1920's, class lines were being broken. The flappers came out smoking cigarettes, trimming their hair, and wearing beautifying agents that didn't orchestrate their facial make-up (Williams 134). Numerous other ladies followed portions of these patterns and it was not, at this point conceivable to tell a lady's social situation from her appearance. On the other hand in the 1930's, ladies returned to progressively regular and gentler tones. Ladies were being informed that the more seasoned they were, the more make-up they were utilizing would assist them with putting their best self forward (Williams 147). The objective as of now was to keep your man speculating if your composition was common or not. Depilatories were utilized to expel undesirable hair growing from the face and fades were utilized to blur maturing spots. Here, satisfying your man and returning to youth assume a significant job in the beauty care products being utilized by ladies. In the 1950's, enchant and the quintessence of being an 'impeccable little lady' were significant. Internal magnificence was viewed as one's appeal, where external excellence was their visa to the world (McLeod 37). Venture by- step fascinate books gave ladies the directions to be pretty and mainstream. Always remember, flawless make-up is date trap (McLeod 52). Home healthy skin cures were utilized just as following a severe day by day routine, counting diet, hair care, and housework. Following a routine was viewed as bravo wellbeing (McLeod 41). On into the 1960's, healthy skin was a major issue. Notwithstanding, numerous misguided judgments were going near. Ladies were informed that slick skin came about because of their inappropriate mental demeanor and ill-advised breathing, similarly as dry skin was brought about by poor capacity of the ace organ (Jones 8). In the 1960's, the specialty of cover was important to consummate one's facial highlights and give a characteristic look (Jones 32). Since healthy skin was such a major issue, deciding one's skin tone was an unquestionable requirement. Ladies were told to go to a window with brilliant light to decide whether they had pink, cream, or olive suggestions. Be that as it may, in the event that they were pale and had come to no end, they were Healthy skin Essays - Cosmetics, Eye Shadow, Lipstick, Human Skin Color Healthy skin All through the late 1800's and until the present, beautifiers and healthy skin have been significant in the lives of ladies in America. Certain patterns have gone back and forth, similarly as some have remained. In the previous 100 a long time, the jobs and lives of ladies have changed definitely, yet their beautifying agents have consistently been near. Fascinate books alongside bit by bit manuals give us today an investigate the past. Commercials are additionally a extraordinary wellspring of history. Utilizing these methods, focal topics in beautifying agents can be resolved, just. All through the previous century, satisfying your man, looking common, and being a modern, contemporary lady with a new youthful look, have been essential to the corrective organizations and to their female customers. In the late 1800's, beautifying agents were being created and offered to school matured ladies and more seasoned. Be that as it may, a huge lip service was happening. Ladies were being informed that it was important to wear beauty care products, in any case, it was vain to wear perceptible make-up. It was cited from St. Paul's Magazine that, If a young lady has the preliminary of an appearance so terrible that seeing it gives one a turn, it is basically an obligation for her either not to go into society by any stretch of the imagination, or, in the event that she does, to disguise it?you reserve no privilege to deliver your mishaps on everyone it is an inexcusable offense against great taste (Williams 113). The ladies of this time were being shelled with blended messages. Their issues with this fraud were settled to just wearing a light powder and rouge. Hues worn were normally corals and peaches on the grounds that more brilliant hues would not give the proper picture that the lady was attempting to pass on. Their objective was to pass on a characteristic sparkle that solid ladies had. There were the years at the point when ladies were slapping their cheeks and gnawing their lips to draw 'regular' shading to their face. It was additionally cited that, Each school young lady's room ought to be fitted with a mirror, so that in any event, when inundated in her investigations the youngster ought not be careless of her appearance (Williams 113). Indeed 100 years back, ladies were being compelled to know about their appearance consistently. The mid 1900's realized a slight change in ladies' beautifying agents. Lipsticks were the standard what's more, mascara and eyeshadow were underlined as fundamental for eveningwear. This came to fruition after the First World War. Likewise, in the 1920's, class lines were being broken. The flappers came out smoking cigarettes, trimming their hair, and wearing beauty care products that didn't blend their facial make-up (Williams 134). Numerous other ladies followed portions of these patterns and it was not, at this point conceivable to tell a lady's social situation from her appearance. On the other hand in the 1930's, ladies returned to progressively normal and gentler tints. Ladies were being informed that the more established they were, the more make-up they were utilizing would assist them with putting their best self forward (Williams 147). The objective right now was to keep your man speculating if your composition was characteristic or not. Depilatories were utilized to expel undesirable hair growing from the face and dyes were utilized to blur maturing spots. Here, satisfying your man and returning to youth assume a significant job in the beauty care products being utilized by ladies. In the 1950's, engage and the pith of being a 'flawless little lady' were significant. Internal magnificence was viewed as one's appeal, where external excellence was their identification to the world (McLeod 37). Venture by- step fascinate books gave ladies the guidelines to be pretty and well known. Always remember, immaculate make-up is date trap (McLeod 52). Home healthy skin cures were utilized just as following a severe day by day routine, counting diet, hair care, and housework. Following a routine was viewed as bravo wellbeing (McLeod 41). On into the 1960's, healthy skin was a major issue. In any case, numerous misinterpretations were going near. Ladies were informed that sleek skin came about because of their inappropriate mental disposition and ill-advised breathing, similarly as dry skin was brought about by poor capacity of the ace organ (Jones 8). In the 1960's, the craft of cover was important to consummate one's facial highlights and give a characteristic look (Jones 32). Since healthy skin was such a major issue, deciding one's skin tone was an absolute necessity. Ladies were told to go to a window with brilliant light to decide whether they had pink, cream, or olive hints. Be that as it may, in the event that they were pale and had come to no end, they were

Friday, August 21, 2020

Methods of Estimating National Income free essay sample

National Income (Contd. ) Methods used to quantify National Income Calculating National Income There are different strategies for figuring the national pay, for example, creation technique, pay strategy, consumption technique and so forth. Salary Method: Different components of creation are paid for their gainful administrations rendered to an association. The different earnings that are remembered for these techniques are compensation, pay of independently employed, premium, benefit, profit, rents, and excess of open area and net progression of pay from abroad. Use Method: The different segments †the family unit area, the administration division, the business segment, either spend their pay on shopper merchandise and ventures or they spare a piece of their salary. These can be sorted as private utilization use, private speculation, open utilization, open venture and so on as appeared in the above table. ProductMethod The creation strategy gives us national pay or national item dependent on the last estimation of the produce and the inception of the produce regarding the business. We will compose a custom paper test on Strategies for Estimating National Income or on the other hand any comparable point explicitly for you Don't WasteYour Time Recruit WRITER Just 13.90/page All creating units are grouped segment astute. †¢ Primary segment is partitioned into horticulture, fisheries, and creature farming. †¢ Secondary segment comprises of assembling. †¢ Tertiary part is partitioned into exchange, transport, correspondence, banking, protection and so on Problems on National Income-1. With the assistance of following information, ascertain National Income at factor cost. GNP = 5, 00,000 Crs. Devaluation = 50,000 Crs. Roundabout expenses = 30,000 Crs. Sponsorships = 5,000 Crs. Arrangement: NI at factor cost = GNP †Depreciation †Taxes + Subsidies. = 5, 00,000-50,000 †30,000+5,000 = 4, 25,000 Crs. Compute GNP and NNP from the accompanying information. Total compensation from abroad is Rs. 1,400 Crs. , GDP is Rs. 20, 000 Crs. , devaluation Rs. 1, 000 Crs. Crude materials and middle of the road merchandise utilized underway is Rs. 4, 000 Crs. Arrangement: GNP = GDP + Net Income from abroad = 20,000+1,400 GNP= 21,400 Crs. NNP= GNP-Depreciation = 21, 400 †1,000 Crs. NNP =20. 400 Crs. 3. From the data given beneath figure the individual salary. NI at factor cost = Rs. 6, 560 Crs. Corporate Income charge = Rs. 324 Crs. Standardized savings Contributions =Rs. 113 Crs. Undistributed Profits = Rs. 76 Crs. Move Earnings = Rs. 230 Crs. Arrangement: PI = NI-Corporate charges Undistributed Profits-Social Security Contributions+ Transfer Payments. PI = 6560 †324-76-113+230 Crs. = 6560-513+230 Crs. (PI =6277 Crs. 4. From the accompanying information, figure GDP at advertise costs. (Rs. In crores) Net National Income10,500

Thursday, August 6, 2020

Back From Vacation

Back From Vacation Im back! Here are the answers to some common questions that have been piling up in my inbox Where the heck have you been?!? April 6-9 was CPW, followed by my first real vacation in over a year. A whole week off! Just got back today 1000+ emails in my inbox good times. :-) What can you tell me about next falls Orientation and Pre-Orientation programs for admitted students? Those are run by the Academic Resource Center (ARC) and not by Admissions, so Im not really an expert on those topics. For the best source of information, please visit web.mit.edu/orientation. Youll find various dates and ARC contact information there. What is the deadline to accept MITs offer of admission? You need to return our form by May 1 (postmark date) if you intend to enroll at MIT. How much is the deposit to secure my place in the class of 2010? Where do I send the deposit? No deposit is required. Just be sure to send in the form by the May 1 deadline. Are you taking anyone from the waitlist this year? We wont know until a few days after May 1, when admitted students let us know if they intend to enroll. If you go to the waitlist, when will decisions be made? If we need to use the waitlist this year, we will begin looking at candidates during the week of May 8. How can I apply to be an admissions blogger next year? Contact us in August and let us know that you wish to be considered for a blogging position. As most of our bloggers will be returning, we will likely only be hiring bloggers from the class of 2010 (and perhaps one additional upperclassman). There is no formal application process, but please note that we only hire experienced bloggers, and therefore your current blog (i.e. your portfolio) is the major factor in whether or not we choose you. The quality and frequency of your content (and how long youve been keeping your blog) will all affect your chances of being chosen. In other words if you dont currently have a blog and you want to be considered, you should probably start a blog ASAP. :-) So what did you do on your vacation, anyway? I built a swingset for my kids! Prior to CPW, I used a wheelbarrow to haul boulders out of the woods to make a 32 x 26 perimeter. On the Monday following CPW, I had 29 tons (yes, 29 tons it sounded absurd to me too) of gravel delivered to the spot, which was dumped in a big pile. It took all of Monday and Tuesday to distribute it evenly throughout the perimeter of boulders (I used only a shovel). Towards the end of Tuesday, it looked like this: And then I spent Weds, Thurs, and Fri building the thing: Not bad for a non-engineer, eh? On Saturday, my MIT co-workers all came over (with their kids) to test out the finished product and celebrate the end of the admissions cycle. It was quite a party, and we had amazing weather. Sunday and Monday felt more like real vacation days, which were much appreciated. And today I am back. Next up: my long-overdue personal CPW recap! Back From Vacation I am back in the office, did you miss me? :-) St. John was awesome, but not as awesome as MIT. Consider the evidence: Sigh. But a week of total relaxation didnt stop me from thinking about MIT constantly. Here I am, preparing to do an info session for the people on the beach: I even made my wife do some recruiting: To make it seem as though it hasnt been almost a month since my last post, Ive created some utterly ridiculous entries for you all to enjoy: The LiveJournal Survey The MySpace Survey The Xanga Survey Look for some actual substance in the near future itll take me a few days to remember what it is that I actually do around here. Ah, the post-vacation mind melt.

Sunday, June 28, 2020

Employee Participation Performance - Free Essay Example

Employee Participation Performance In the first instance is necessary to define both employee participation as well as what is meant by performance. Employee participation may be defined as the process by which employees are involved in the decision making process of a business rather than merely being expect to following instructions (Times 2009) and as such this forms what is referred to in HR as empowerment. Performance on the other hand can be considered from two perspectives, firstly there is the performance of the individual in question and how their personal performance is affected by the concept of employee participation. Secondly there is the performance of the organisation as a whole to consider and how this will change with varying degrees of employee participation. As such the essay will analyse performance from these two perspectives before drawing a conclusion as to the perceived benefits for both parties. Approaches to employee participation: Traditional views of the organisation and approaches to management have seen a clear distinction between the tasks of managers and those of the grass roots level employee. Advocates of this view such F W Taylor (1911) and others within the scientific management school of thought sought to increase productivity and thus performance by deskilling the workforce and breaking tasks down into the most minuet component jobs so as to take advantage of specialisation of labour. The policies implemented by such advocates may be seen as the exact opposite of those who support the theory of employee participation as the scientific school of management sought to centralise power and control into the hands of managers rather than devolve it to the workforce. From a performance perspective the introduction of scientific management techniques saw significant dividends yielded to those who employed them for instance production at the Bethlehem steelworks was maintained with a reduction of lab our from 500 to 140 (ACCEL 2009) meaning that performance per employee had increased significantly. However these early developments in management theory previous to the conception of employee participation should not be used to discredit the theory due to a number of special considerations. In the first instance such theories were applied to manufacturing operations and heavy industry and whilst these operations still form a large part of the economy today there has since been a large shift towards service industries requiring differing management styles and techniques. In addition at least part of the success of the scientific management may be associated with the technological developments of the day such as the introduction of the production line as highlighted by Fords success at the River Rouge plant in Detroit. At the other end of the scale the self-directed work team as defined by (Williams 1995) may be seen as the ultimate exercise in employee participation and has been implemented by companies such as 3M. Under this system teams are essentially left to fulfil the role of both the managers and employees of an operation with a significant input in production techniques, scheduling and improvement initiatives. Advocates of this approach to employee engagement highlight that were the theory has been put into practise productivity has increased between 30 and 50% (IIE 1996). However on the other side of the spectrum such a high level of employee engagement may have negative consequences including lack of strategic focus as individual teams become ever more productive in their own areas of expertise but forget to consider how their individual team fits into the wider context. The lack of direct leadership can also be seen as providing an opportunity for accountability to be lost and thus falling performance, Bruce (2005) indicates that it is often the accountability of a leader which drives the particular individual to spur on a team or grou p to the successful completion of a task. Finally as indicated by Robbins (2003) teams have a tendency to self-reinforce behaviour, were the general attitude of a self-directing work team is generally positive this will increase the performance of both individuals and the organisation as a whole. On the other hand were the initial attitude and performance of the team is poor in the first instance and with no intervention from outside this can lead to a downward spiral of performance both for the individual and the team as a whole. However not all approaches to employee participation may be seen as quite so radical in their nature. A more frequent approach may be seen as involving employees to a greater degree without taking such a radical devolvement of control as in the self-directing work team approach. For instance Toyota may be seen as one of the leading companies in developing employee participation, Toyotas commitment to employee participation goes so far as to be for mally a part of the companys code of conduct (Toyota 2006). Strategies which may be seen as falling under the umbrella of employee engagement pursued by such companies include Kaizen the practise of including employees in quality improvement initiatives such as quality circles and other forms of consultation directly related to their area of work (Shimizu 2009). Potential benefits: One must now go on to identify the general potential benefits of employee participation both to the employee and the organisation. One of the key arguments for employee participation is that a every organisation contains a significant amount of knowledge, information and know how that is often present in grass roots level employees as much as in those occupying management positions (Adair 1989 p32-34). By encouraging employees to participate in the decision making process advocates argue that the organisation performs better as it is now making decisions based upon a much wider range of knowledge that would have been unavailable if decisions were solely made at the management level. As such the process of involving employees in the decision making process may be seen as to a large extent associated with the function of communications. Good communications are by definition a two way process (McLaren 2000 p3) which encompasses not only the sending and receiving of messages down a hierarchy but also the sending and receiving of messages back up the hierarchy and in horizontal communications. Despite the benefits of such employee participation which may be attributed to the need for an effective communication channel commentators such as Leigh (2009 p15-29) indicate that organisations are often relatively poor at the embracing the two way nature of communications leading to poor listening skills at an organisational level and thus a missed opportunity for improved performance. Another potential area for increased performance at the organisational level is that of reduced costs owing to lower labour turnover. As to the question of whether or not employee participation helps to reduce labour turnover is a debating point and depends which school of management thought is applied. On the one hand the classical schools of management theory such as those of F W Taylor would suggest that employee participation is not the most important factor in labour tur nover since the most important factor in maintaining staff loyalty was how much money they earned. On the other hand others such as Maslow argued that people do not go to work simply to earn money as in the Taylorite model but that there are several other reasons which are can be seen in the pyramid of needs: Under Maslows theory employees are not simply motivated by the need to earn money which represents only the first and possibly second stages of the pyramid. Maslow also highlights the fact that people after securing the basic needs which are provided for in the form of a salary then have additional aspirations. Using Maslows pyramid as a basis for evaluating employee motivation levels one could argue that the specific practises of employee participation constitute various stages of the pyramid beyond that of the first two stages which is considered under the classical view of management. For instance one way in which an organisation may choose to implement employee par ticipation is in the form of focus groups with reference to a specific issue such as production line down time. In this case previous to the focus group one may view the average assembly line worker as having the first two needs met owing to receiving a regular monthly salary. However once a focus group has been set up to consider a specific issue such as that mentioned it is conceivable that the next two steps of the pyramid are fulfilled as the line worker now becomes part of a team fulfilling the third need and also is given some status as the organisation by the very act of asking for their opinion is giving them a status within the organisation as someone with technical knowledge and thus a valid opinion. In theory one could argue that as an increasing number of the employees needs are met this will lead to increased motivation and morale and thus reduce the possibility of the individual wanting to leave the organisation. Costs associated with labour turn over can repr esent a considerable expense for organisations under two headings. In the first instance there is the financial cost to an organisation which includes costs associated with re-recruitment as well as any lost revenue associated directly with the loss of an employee. Secondly there is the cost to the business in disruption and lost knowledge. Research suggests that the average cost of replacing an employee is around  £3,546 which rises to around  £5,206 for more highly skilled employees (Thornton 2000). From a scale perspective the CBI (1997) estimates that in the UK labour turnover stands at 16% which rises to 25% in part time workers leaving significant room for improvement and thus a significant opportunity for cost savings especially in the part time sector. As such one can see that by reducing staff turnover by even a small amount this can deliver significantly higher financial performance for an organisation. Method: Finally having considered the potential benefits and drawbacks of employee participation one must consider the methods used in order to undertake employee participation. In many instances the benefits an organisation can gain from employee participation come from extracting knowledge from the workforce which already exists. As such many of the methods which need to be considered are issues in communications since the knowledge and information already exists but is often not being extracted and used by those higher up the corporate structure. One key method highlighted by Adiar (1989 p32-34) is that of consultation, consultation may be interpreted as any genuine attempt to gain the knowledge, feelings and opinions of the workforce which may then be used in the decision making process. As such the methods used may be broad in range from quality circles and focus groups through to town hall style meetings or suggest box schemes. However to qualify as true consultation each of th ese acts must take place before decisions are made. It is often felt by many that consultation takes place after decisions have already been made by those in senior management positions. In these cases performance may actually decrease as the workforce perceives a lack of commitment from the management within the organisation, were consultation is undertake after decisions have already truly been made this may also be seen as a misallocation of resources by the company. Another consideration of employee participation is that of employee reward. There are many options for encouraging employees to take a greater level of responsibility for their actions and thus increasing their overall level of participation. Such considerations may include share schemes, bonuses or additional annual leave related to certain performance levels. Regardless of the method employed the mechanism may be seen as a function of agency theory in which the interest of the employee and organisation can be harmonised thus increasing performance. By linking the employees personal performance to the ability for the employee as an individual to benefit the belief is that performance will increase as the employee peruses a personal opportunity. Conclusion: One conclusion would be that increased employee participation has the potential to create significant increases in performance for both the individual and the organisation as a whole. From the organisational perspective there may be significant increases in financial performance as the high costs of labour turnover are reduced as part of the increase in participation. Secondly the organisation is likely to experience a significant increase in performance with regard to its competitive advantage as the organisation will now be using its labour in potentially a more efficient way in the form of a strategic resource as opposed to a simple cash for labour transaction. From the individual perspective increased participation can lead to increases in performance as firstly an improved attitude to work increases output and secondly the benefits of the individual being able to organise their work in the way they see best contributes to work being organised in a more efficient way. However whist it is acknowledged that increased employee participation can contribute significantly to increased performance it is by no means either a panacea for all organisational ills nor is it a necessity for improving performance in all instances. One should remember that whist some companies such as Toyota have adopted a positive attitude towards employee participation there are still many successful companies which maintain a tradition approach towards the division of management and employee tasks. Furthermore companies operating such traditional approaches to the management of their employees are not limited the manufacturing sector with call centres being a prime example of were the service sector has failed to embrace increased employee participation choosing alternative methods to improve performance. Bibliography ACCEL. 2009. Historical perspective on productivity and improvement. Available online at: https://www.accel-team.com/scientific/scientific_02.html [Accessed on 14/11/09]. Adair, J. 1989. The effective communicator. London: The industry society. Bruce, W, E. 2005 March 22nd. Towards a new understanding of the leader accountability: Defining a critical construct. Journal of leadership and organisational studies. Available online at: https://www.allbusiness.com/human-resources/employee-development-leadership/417985-1.html [Accessed on 14/07/09]. CBI. 1997. Benchmarking turnover. Available online at: https://www.cbi.org.uk/ndbs/PositionDoc.nsf/fb66d262805fa2f58025673a0058587b/03c2ba268bc9171580256731005664ee/$FILE/BenchMarkingTurnover.pdf [Accessed on 14/11/09]. IIE. 1996. Sustaining high performance through self-managed work teams. Journal of industrial management. Available online at: https://www.entrepreneur.com/tradejournals/article/18648441.html [Accessed on 14/0 7/09] Leigh, A. 2009. The secrets of success in management. Harlow: Pearson Education. McLaren, I, R. 2000. Communication excellence using NLP to supercharge your business skills. Carmarthen: Crown House Publishing. Robbins, S, P. 2003. Organisational behaviour. 10th ed. New Jersey: FT Prentice Hall. Shimizu, K. 2009. Transforming kaizen at Toyota. Okayama University. Available online at: https://www.e.okayama-u.ac.jp/~kshimizu/downloads/iir.pdf [Accessed on 14/11/09]. Taylor, F, W. 1911. The principals of scientific management. New York: Norton Library. Thornton, J. 2000 Oct 25th. Costs of staff turnover surge to an all-time record high. The Independent. Available online at: https://www.independent.co.uk/news/business/news/costs-of-staff-turnover-surge-to-an-alltime-record-high-635784.html [Accessed online 27/07/09]. Times. 2009. Employee participation. The Times Newspaper. Available online at: https://www.thetimes100.co.uk/theory/theoryemployee-participation 310.php [Accessed on 14/12/09]. Toyota. 2006. Toyota code of conduct. Available online at: https://www.toyota.dk/Images/ToyotaCodeOfConduct_tcm200-635681.pdf [Accessed on 14/11/09]. Williams, R. 1995, Dec. Self-directed work teams: A competitive advantage. Quality digest. Available online at: https://www.qualitydigest.com/nov95/html/self-dir.html [Accessed on 14/07/09].

Saturday, May 23, 2020

To Whom It May Concern Though The Death Penalty Is...

To Whom It May Concern: Though the death penalty is administered in an attempt to achieve both a deterrence and retributive effect, the outcome does not support either of these goals. Therefore, it is within this letter that I state that the death penalty should no longer be used. In recent years, it has been found, that the death penalty exhibits cruel and unusual punishment, as well as being racially biased. Additionally, there is an ever-growing vote that the death penalty should no longer be continued by U.S. Americana citizens. The death penalty, then, is no longer a viable form of punishment. Reasons for Going Against the Death Penalty Deterrence and Retribution By large, the reason for the death penalty is penalize those who are†¦show more content†¦The object of deterrence with respect to the most important element, the induvial who has committed a crime, is no longer a viable reason for the death penalty. Finkelstein also comments on the morality of deterrence, however. Morals are subjective to each individual and even more so to cultural conditions. Therefore, the object of the death penalty on a moral basis, that is retribution, is no longer justifiable for the entire state; because moral traditions vary and cannot be translated successfully into punishments. â€Å"Deterrence alone, however, does not provide a moral justification for the death penalty†¦ Traditionally, the core of the retributivist’s argument for any specific penalty is the doctrine of lex talionis, which asserts that a person deserves to experience the suffering he has inflicted on his victim†¦ The â€Å"moral equivalence† theory maintains that what the perpetrator really deserves to suffer is a harm that is the moral, rather than the physical, equivalent of the harm he inflicted on his victim† (Finkelstein, 2006, p. 1290-1301). It is then that first, the core of retribution that is â€Å"lex talionis† does not translate into proper criminal punishment. This is because the moral equivalence that the criminal justice system sets out to inflict is one of moral harm rather than physical harm. The object of any sentence is to separate the convicted in a way that allows them to be rehabilitated. The object of retribution that follows archaic traditions ofShow MoreRelated Capital Punishment Essay - Physician Participation in the Death Penalty2644 Words   |  11 PagesPhysician Participation in Administration of Death Penalty is Legitimate The question has been raised whether it is moral for a physician to participate in the administration of the death penalty. This is an issue that many professionals in the field have strong opinions about, regardless of their own personal beliefs about the death penalty in general. Physicians are traditionally practitioners of the healing arts; is using this knowledge to put someone to death a corruption of their professional ethicsRead MoreThe Death Penalty is NOT an Effective Deterrent Essay2050 Words   |  9 Pages The issue of the death penalty has been of great concern and debate for a number of years now. Prior to 1976, the death penalty was banned in the United States. In 1976, though, the ban was lifted, and many states adopted the death penalty in their constitutions. Currently, there are 38 states that use the death penalty, and only 12 states that do not. The states that have the death penalty use a number of ways to go about executing the defendant. Thirty-two states use lethal injection, 10 useRead MoreAddiction1674 Words   |  7 Pages The Cause of Addiction COM/156 Each year, there are more deaths and disabilities in the U.S. from substance abuse than from any other cause. In the United States alone, it is reported that roughly 18 million Americans have alcohol problems; 5 to 6 million have drug problems, and more than 9 million children live with a parent addicted to alcohol or illicit drugs. Drug addiction continues to be a growing concern, prompting medical and scientific research on a global scale into the possibleRead MoreCriminal Law-Involuntary Manslaughter .6531 Words   |  27 Pagesbeing [Irving, Shae, ed (2009) and may be lawful – where, for example, fatal force was necessary to defend oneself. The two most important offences of unlawful homicide are murder and manslaughter. Although both are common law offences, elements of murder and manslaughter have been modified by Acts of Parliament and the penalties for each are statutory. Until 1957, murder (the more serious of the two offences) was a capital offence – that is, a sentence of death automatically followed convictionRead MoreEssay on African Americans in Slavery1520 Words   |  7 Pagesyou. You tell lies. God hears you. Instead of engaged in worshipping him, you are hidden away somewhere feasting on your master’s substance; tossing coffee-grounds with some wicked fortuneteller, or cutting cards with another old hag. Your master may not find you out, but God sees you, and he will punish you. O, the depravity of your hearts!† (page 106) This is the religion that the slaves were allowed to receive. White people’s attempt to put the fear of God into slaves work in some instancesRead MoreSocio-Demographic Profile and Problems Encountered by the Heads of Lupong Tagapamayapa in the Municipality of Bayambang6072 Words   |  25 Pageswho are residing or working in the barangay and possessing integrity, impartiality, independe nce of mind, sense of fairness, and reputation for probity, may be appointed a member of the Lupon (Section 399[b] RA 7160). The Lupon shall be constituted every three (3) years in the manner provided in section 399(a), RA 7160. This means that the Lupon may change its composition or membership every three (3) years. The Lupong Tagapamayapa carries with them in the exercise of their functions the differentRead MoreA Research Proposal For Nurses On A Trauma Unit After Implementation Of New Electronic Method Of Charting And Administration4862 Words   |  20 Pagesnurses who have been working on a trauma care unit. Nurses may think that are doing a more efficient job by using workarounds especially to help with time management and emergencies. However this may not be the case, nurses may be doing themselves an injustice for not embracing changes as it pertains to new technology in healthcare in the twenty first century. Introduction Nurses may use workarounds with the best of intentions; they may need to get a task done in a minimal time frame. GettingRead MoreEssay about Racial Discrimination in the U.S. Justice System4775 Words   |  20 Pagescase is much more convincing. African American arrest statistics are best understood as the convergence of both a somewhat higher incidence of crime as well as racial discrimination in the criminal justice system. Although higher incidence of crime may initially appear to justify higher arrest rates, there is significant evidence demonstrating that not only is African American crime exaggerated by a racially discriminatory criminal justice system (one of the products of which is disparate arrest rates)Read MoreCopral Punishment to Students9866 Words   |  40 Pagesspecific forms of corporal punishment such as paddling, floggings and beating. Hyman (1990) provide a definition that reflects practice in school situation. He state that† Corporal punishment in the school is the infliction of pain or confinement as a penalty for an offense committed by a student†. According to the above definitions, the issue of corporal punishment seems to be viewed differently world wide. This is because they are sides contradicting. When one side is taking Corporal Punishment asRead MoreInternal Revenue Code 1939278050 Words   |  1113 Pagesintended to contain all the United States statutes of a general and permanent nature relating exclusively to internal revenue, in force on January 2, 1939; also such of the temporary statutes of that description as relate to taxes the occasion of which may arise after the enactment of the Code. These statutes are codified without substantive change and with only such change of form as is required by arrangement and consolidation. The title contains no provision, except for effective date, not derived

Tuesday, May 19, 2020

The Study of Archaeology Essay examples - 1056 Words

According to The Society for American Archaeology, the definition of Archaeology is, â€Å"to obtain a chronology of the past, a sequence of events and dates that, in a sense, is a backward extension of history.† The study of ancient civilizations and archaeology is rather ambiguous due to the primitive nature of the time period. With little imagery and even less textual evidence, professionals in the field must work diligently when studying their subjects. Naturally, archaeologists cannot see or communicate with those whom they are studying, so they must be extraordinarily meticulous when analyzing past cultures. This relates to all aspects of the ancient world including; foods, raw materials, artifacts, agriculture, art work and pottery. All†¦show more content†¦For example, if weather patterns change this leads to the scarcity of plants or wildlife essential for larger species which may in turn lead to the migration or death of humans and other animals. We are actu ally seeing this domino effect now in our current environment as global warming escalates. Future archaeologists will see the ramifications of this current dramatic climate change A pivotal example of the effect of a severe climate change is evidenced by the collapse of the ancient Mycenaeans. Most known in the late 1960s as an archaeologist and art historian, Rhys Carpenter determined that the environment was a likely culprit in the fall of this lost civilization. Carpenter believed one of the biggest hurdles the Mycenaean civilization faced was drought. Based on his findings Carpenter concluded that drought resulted in crop failure, disease, revolution, as well as migration. Philosophers Plato and Aristotle also made significant contributions to the discussion on environment. Both writers make note of changes in forestation and water. Aristotle noted changes in fertile soil as well as hydrology and fertility. If there had been any conclusive evidence for the demise of the Mycenaea ns it would have been in the form of pollen records as well as the remnants of mass graves, none ofShow MoreRelatedImportance Of Time, Context And Material1309 Words   |  6 PagesARC1 Supervision (Monday, 20 October) Daniel Orvomaa Discuss the importance of time, context and material culture in archaeology. Which of these three, based on your analysis of their use in archaeology, is most important to the distinctiveness of archaeology as an anthropological discipline? Introduction If we were to imagine all the humanities, and especially the anthropological disciplines at the centre of them, together with the natural sciences trying to form some sort of grand narrativeRead MoreControversial Issues in Archaelogy1011 Words   |  4 Pagesartifacts and preserve them in museums. While the field of archaeology is exciting, and the idea of partaking in perilous adventures may seem alluring, the archaeologist was depicted in an incorrect manner. An archaeologist is someone who studies human history through the excavation of sites and the examination of artifacts. Archaeologists study the past to learn more about the lives and cultures of people before. The science of archaeology is a relatively new and quickly growing field; yet, as expectedRead MoreAnimal Ancestry : The Field Of Anthropology Essay1271 Words   |  6 Pagessubsections that deal with specific branches of knowledge. Zooarchaeology, specifically, is a division of archaeology that deals with the remains of an animal after it has died. Much knowledge can be gleaned about various aspects of the animal itself, as well as the world surrounding it, through the study of zooarchaeology. The following will discuss the history of zooarchaeology, the methods of study utilized within this branch of anthropology, as well as summarize a recent zooarchaeological findingRead MoreHistory Is The Base Of The Future948 Words   |  4 Pagesbecome history when it travels the certain time interval and makes connections in the future. History is the study of the past and the study of the ancient and the recent human past through material remains is known as archeology. Archaeology offers a unique perspective on human history and culture that has contributed greatly to our understanding of both the ancient and the recent past. Archaeology helps us understand not only where and when people lived on the earth, but also why and how they have livedRead MoreIntroduction The great American scholar, William Foxwell Albright was an American Biblical800 Words   |  4 Pagesâ€Å"father of Biblical archaeology,† because of his contributions to the archaeological historicity of the Bible. â€Å"More than any other scholar Albright’s astounding corpus of books, articles, and public lectures defined a new relationship between archaeology and Biblical studies.† Professor Albright â€Å"introduced critical assessment of the historical context of scripture, instead of merely teaching it as Gospel, and his work helped establish the Bible’s value in historical studies.† Rachel HalloteRead MoreThe Egyptian Cultural Heritage Program Essay1167 Words   |  5 PagesAssociation and many more. (UCL Institute of Archaeology). Additionally, the time and length of Hassan’s career spans more then 30 years of experience in the field of archeology (UCL Institute of Archaeology). He began his career in 1963 as a teaching assistance in the department of geology in Cairo University in Egypt (UCL Institute of Archaeology). He went on to participate in many research projects and fieldwork from about 1968 until 2009 (UCL Institute of Archaeology). Furthermore, in 2011 Hassan was theRead MoreEssay on The New Archaeology Movement913 Words   |  4 Pagesmethodologies, some archaeologists became frustrated with the traditional ways of arch aeology; they felt that the new technologies should be used to improve archaeology and the outcomes of professionals in the field. The New Archaeology was a movement that sought to contribute to the existing anthropological knowledge of human behavior by emerging as a science and separating itself from the historical approach. New archaeology did not merely incorporate scientific technology, but it also employed variousRead MoreTime and Chronology in Archeology1077 Words   |  4 PagesTime and Chronology in Archaeology Why is it important for archaeologists to establish chronologies and what are the strengths and weaknesses of absolute and relative dating methods in their establishment? By Liam Cornish In this essay will discuss what chronologies are and why they are extremely important to archaeology. It will also discuss the different types of chronologies as well as the varying methods of establishing them. Time can be determined in different ways, absolutely and relativelyRead MoreSociology, Anthropology, By Lewis Binford932 Words   |  4 Pagesarticle, Archaeology as Anthropology, Lewis Binford argues that by looking at culture through a systemic view point our interpretations of the past can become stronger and will improve the field of archaeology and anthropology as a whole. His article is integral to the foundation of ‘New Archaeology’ because it gave a critical review of the short comings of a cultural historic approach, and provides suggestions of improvement that have been applied and even built upon in contemporary archaeology. TheseRead MoreAnthropology Essay Assignment1154 Words   |  5 Pagesexamine/investigate in order to study evolution. Paleoanthropology is a branch of paleontology that falls under physical anthropology. Paleoanthropologists study extinct primates and fossils. They use these examinations to further investigate the evolution of humans. They examine ancient humans, like the anthropoids. Anthropoids are considered humans closest relative and have been linked to human evolution (Coyne, 2009). 4) Discuss ‘how’ a physical anthropologist would study your answer for Q3 and

Wednesday, May 6, 2020

The Inevitability of the Red Death - 1920 Words

The Inevitability of the Red Death Edgar Allen Poes â€Å"The Masque of the Red Death† is an extravagant allegory of the futility of trying to escape death. In the story, a prince named Prospero tries to avoid the Red Death through isolation and seclusion. He hides behind the impenetrable walls of his castle and turns his back on the rest of the world. But no walls can stop death because it is unavoidable and inevitable. Through the use of character, setting, point of view, and symbol, Poe reveals the theme that no one, regardless of status, wealth or power can stay the passing of time and the inevitable conclusion of life itself, death. Like many of Poe’s works, the number of characters in â€Å"Masque of the Red Death† is limited;†¦show more content†¦The nameless narrator in â€Å"The Masque of the Red Death† is no different. The story is told mostly from the point of view of a narrator who seems to have observed firsthand the happenings of the story and is recounting the tale. This is important because the story concludes with the death of Prospero and all one thousand of his guests. Effectively, there could be no survivors; any eyewitnesses to the events of the ball would be dead as well. However, the narrator gives the reader several clues to his identity, by using first person language on three occasions. First is in his description of the scene of the masquerade: â€Å"But first let me tell of the rooms in which it was held† (Poe, 386). Second is his description of the pause at midnight: â€Å"And then the music ceased, as I have told; and the evolutions of the waltzers were quieted; and there was an uneasy cessation of all things as before† (Poe, 388). The third time comes with his description of the arrival of the Red Death: â€Å"In an assembly of phantasms such as I have painted, it may well be supposed that no ordinary appearance could have excited such sensation† (Poe, 389). The narrator therefore must have been present at the ball, and obviously he survived. This leaves the reader with an interesting dilemma, â€Å"How could the narrator be present at the ball and then be able to tell about it afterwards?†Show MoreRelatedThe Lottery And The Masque Of The Red Death Essay1326 Words   |  6 Pagesperson’s life questions the time of their death. Those who live to the fullest understand this concept completely to achieve that level of happiness. On the other extreme end, it can cause nightmares to those that try their utmost to run away from the clutches of death. This notion is masterfully inquired into the gothic works of Edgar Allan Poe. The best implementation of this idea is in his â€Å"Masque of the Red Death† short story which deals with the abstract of death itself. Shirley Jackson, the authorRead MoreEssay on Symbolism in The Masque of the Red Death520 Words   |  3 PagesSymbolism in The Masque of the Red Death Poe uses heavy symbolism throughout the story to convey his underlying theme: the inevitability of death and the futility of trying to escape death. The princes name, Prospero, generally denotes happiness and prosperity. The Prince possesses these characteristics yet is faced with a plague that he desperately attempting to avoid. This oxymoron is used to hint that this man of exuberance will soon be faced with tragedy. The fires in eachRead MoreThe Masque Of The Red Death By Edgar Allan Poe And Shirley Jackson1219 Words   |  5 Pagesorchestrates their piece of literature to capture and intrigue an audience, the author utilizes a certain depth in the piece, where their vernacular elicits emotions. The short stories written by Edgar Allan Poe and Shirley Jackson, â€Å"The Masque of the Red Death† and â€Å"The Summer People†, produce an unexpected ending. The key to creating feelings of tension and suspense lies within their command of literary elements. Each of these aspects contribute toward the bigger picture – engaging the reader, throughRead MoreEssay Poes Perspective Against the Upper Class1652 Words   |  7 Pagesforty years of existence, Poe struggled with the deaths of countless family members, including his cousin-wife. These bruising events caused him to develop the mental illness depression. In his short story â€Å"Masque of the Red Death,† the views Poe developed during his tumultuous life are reflected in his writing. The theme of this short story emphasizes the inevitability of death in descriptive details because Edgar Allan Poe has encountered death so many times. He also makes social commentary onRead MoreSymbolism In The Masque Of The Red Death766 Words   |  4 PagesThe Masque of the Red Death Poe often gives memory the power to keep the dead alive. Which in the short story Poe distorts the aspect of death. By creating a memory as the trigger that reawakens death Poe reveals the theme of the story; that no matter the persons social class death comes for us all. In Edgar Allan Poe’s short story â€Å"The Masque of the Red Death† he uses literary elements such as allusion, symbolism, and allegory to convey that death is inevitable. In the short story, Poe usesRead MoreEssay on Edgar Allan Poes The Masque Of The Red Death816 Words   |  4 Pages (Poe 244). To this effect, Poe drenches his works in symbolism and allegory. Especially in shorter works, Poe assigns meaning to the smallest object, explicitly deriving exurbanite significance within concise descriptions. The Masque of the Red Death tells the story of a Prince Prospero who along with his one thousand friends sought a haven from the plague that was ravishing their country. They lived together in the princes luxurious abbey with all the amenities and securities imaginable. InRead MoreThe Stranger By John Camus1262 Words   |  6 PagesDeath, as an integral part of life, should be accepted and respected. However, in The Stranger, Meursault views death almost joyously, going through life without care or consideration, as death to him is nothing but inevitable. His opinion on death creates his identity, his own personality mirroring the carefree opinio n of death that he holds. Throughout The Stranger, Camus employs symbolism of Meursault’s surroundings to convey the absurdity of life that is central to Meursault’s identity, causingRead More Human Mortality in Masque of Red Death Essay993 Words   |  4 PagesHuman Mortality in â€Å"The Masque of Red Death† As a gothic writer, Edgar Allan Poe created horror using gloom as his weapon. Hidden within the suspenseful story of â€Å"The Masque of Red Death† is an allegorical tale of how individuals deal with the fear of death as time passes. Frantic activities and pleasures (as represented by Prince Prospero and his guests) seek to wall out the threat of death. However, the story reminds the reader that death comes â€Å"like a thief in the night†(Poe 3), and even thoseRead MoreSix and Seven in Masque of the Red Death820 Words   |  4 Pages (Poe 244). To this effect, Poe drenches his works in symbolism and allegory. Especially in shorter works, Poe assigns meaning to the smallest object, explicitly deriving exurbanite significance within concise descriptions. The Masque of the Red Death tells the story of a Prince Prospero who along with his one thousand friends sought a haven from the plague that was ravishing their country. They lived together in the prince s luxurious ab bey with all the amenities and securities imaginable.Read More The Masque o the Red Death Essay558 Words   |  3 Pagesthe Red Death is an elaborate allegory/microcosm that combines objects in the story with visual descriptions to give focus to the readers imagination. In the story, a prince named Prospero tries to dodge the Red Death through isolation and seclusion. He hides behind seemingly impenetrable walls of his castellated abbey and lets the world take care of its own. However, no walls can stop death because it is inescapable and inevitable. Visual descriptions in the story are used to symbolize death. Poes

Healthcare Reform and Its Impact on the Delivery System Free Essays

If you are in the healthcare industry, you have probably heard some rumblings about the Health Care Reform of 2010, coolly referred to as Affordable Care Act, or Obama care. The Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act (PPACA) was enacted by the United States Congress and signed by President Barack Obama. The Affordable Care Act (ACA) became public law in March 23, 2010. We will write a custom essay sample on Healthcare Reform and Its Impact on the Delivery System or any similar topic only for you Order Now The health care reform was enacted with the goals of â€Å"increasing the quality and affordability of health insurance, lowering the uninsured rate by expanding public and private insurance coverage, and reducing the costs of healthcare for individuals and the  government† (Frost and Sullivan, 2011). The law is passed by US congress provide universal access to healthcare, control the rising costs of healthcare, regulate the private insurance industry through online marketplace and improve the quality of healthcare. The purpose is to â€Å"make healthcare choices more consumers friendly and easier to understand. It is intended to make sweeping changes to healthcare in the United States† (White, 2013). The law also â€Å"requires insurance companies to cover all applicants within new minimum standards and offer the same rates regardless of pre-existing conditions or sex. Additional reforms aimed to reduce costs and improve healthcare outcomes by shifting the system towards quality over quantity through increased competition, regulation, and incentives to streamline the delivery of healthcare† (Monheit, 2010 ). The Congressional Budget Office projected that â€Å"the ACA will lower both future deficits and Medicare spending† however upheld â€Å"the law in promoting strategies and solutions to encourage health care reform that lowers cost, improves quality, and expands access to health care† (CBO, 2013). According to U. S Chambers of Commerce, â€Å"the United States spends $2.  7 trillion a year on health care. More than 170 million Americans receive health insurance through voluntary, employer-sponsored plans. The government was on the hook for $38. 6 trillion in unfunded liabilities for Medicare in 2011 as a result of the entitlements created by the health care reform law† (U. S. Chambers of Commerce, 2013). For the purposes of this research, it may be a good idea to have a common understanding of the recent legislation and Health Care Reform Act. I plan to highlight its impact on the delivery system at Montefiore Medical Center, thoroughly discussing its effect on access, cost and  quality, with special focus on how the recent legislation and health care reform will affect the health care facility. Montefiore Medical Center is a health care facility which is covered by the Health care reform. Health care reform compliance at Montefiore Medical Center is a central concern of their delivery system. The health care reform is a law that needs continuous regulation. Montefiore Medical Center and other health care facilities such as private clinics, home healthcare providers and small healthcare associated businesses, are in a prime position  to comply with the healthcare reform, and the law must ensure that these healthcare institutes are rigorously controlled, and are in compliance of the affordable care act. The Healthcare reform and all its provisions are already making the facility â€Å"find new ways to increase facility efficiency, better manage care and streamline costs† (Montefiore. org, 2012). One item the facility is focused on is renovating to cut down on operating expenses because of the impact of the healthcare reform. In a study by Amadeo Kimberly (2013) about access to healthcare on the delivery system  found that â€Å"more than 600,000 new young people became insured as of May, taking advantage of the Act’s provision that children up to age 26 could be covered by their parents’ insurance.† Rather than â€Å"employer-sponsored insurance offering the sole source for guaranteed issue insurance, coverage for preexisting conditions, and generally affordable coverage,†(Geyam, 2012) many employees may have alternative sources of coverage through expansion of Medicaid eligibility or premium subsidies through the state or federal exchanges. A report by economic experts at the Health and Human Services Department (HHS) noted that â€Å"the health  care remake will achieve the aim of expanding health insurance – adding 34 million Americans to the coverage rolls† (HHS, 2013). This shows that on the potential positive side of the health care reform, there would be a continuous increase in access to healthcare. This increases â€Å"profits for the insurance companies, which should translate to lower premiums, since the new insures pay into the system but require fewer health services† (Kimberly, 2013). Geyam (2012) observed that â€Å"the healthcare reform will extend insurance coverage by 32 million people by 2019 (including 16 million on Medicaid); Will provide subsidies starting in  2014 to help many lower-income people afford coverage; will eliminate cost-sharing for many preventive services; will provide new funding to increase the capacity of community health centers; will put in place some limited reforms of the insurance industry, such as prohibiting exclusions based on pre-existing conditions and banning annual and lifetime limits; and will establish a new non-profit Patient-Centered Outcomes Research Institute charged with assessing the relative outcomes, effectiveness and appropriateness of different treatments. † As a result, millions of previously uninsured people will soon have access to healthcare, causing an increase in the number of potential patients requesting treatment from healthcare facilities such as Montefiore Medical Center. Healthcare costs are expected to â€Å"rise 7. 5 percent in 2013, even with healthcare reform,† according to a study by Price water house Coopers (2012). The Affordable Care Act focuses â€Å"more on getting people insured than on lowering costs overall,† says Jeff Munn, vice president of benefit policy development at Fidelity (2013), â€Å"But it’s going to take a while to see if those provisions work,† he says.. Another analysis by Barina (2013), also found that â€Å"the law falls short of the goal of controlling runaway costs, rising projected spending by about 1 percent over 10 years. That increase could get bigger, however, since the report also warned that Medicare cuts in the law may be unrealistic and unsustainable, forcing lawmakers to roll them back† (p. 18). The rapidly rising costs of health care keep going up unabated. Under the health care reform, the market still rules on prices. The cost of health care will increase by about â€Å"20 percent because of new technology and new initiatives† (Wright, 2010). In addition, analysis by both the Congressional Budget Office and the CMS actuary shows that â€Å"the health care reform will substantially reduce the federal deficit, only slightly increase national medical spending (despite an enormous expansion in insurance coverage), begin to reduce the growth rate of medical spending, and introduce various new initiatives that may lead to more fundamental reductions in the long-term rate of health care cost growth† (CBO CMS, 2010). The health care reform will not solve our health care cost problems, but it is a historic and cost effective step in the right direction. It will introduce a range of payment and delivery system changes designed to achieve a significant slowing of health care cost growth. Throughout the health care reform debate, consumers and providers alike at Montefiore Medical Center and other healthcare facilities asked how they would be affected by the new law. Given how many types of facilities make up the delivery system, it is likely that the effects of reform will not fix all problems. Any â€Å"hospitals that have historically provided more care to uninsured patients is likely to gain the most in terms of revenue increases for the mostly  uncompensated care they have been providing to these patients† (Berenson and Zuckerman, 2010). The Healthcare providers in the hospital and other healthcare facilities understand that their former ways of doing business are bound to change because of the healthcare reform. As observed by Berenson Zukerman (2010) â€Å"the introduction of new, marginal incentives is designed to move in the direction of rewarding better performance. † In this way, there is a modest move in the direction of paying for value rather than volume. As indicated by Cutler David (2013), â€Å"the law begins to change how providers are paid and care is delivered, so that  they are rewarded not for the volume of services they provide but for the value they offer. † Of greatest effect is the expectation that future provider revenues will have less to do with patient volumes and more to do with clinical outcomes, quality and cost efficiency. Most hospitals will likely benefit financially because of the coverage expansions. â€Å"Providers that get good results for their patients and keep costs in check stand to be rewarded with performance bonuses, shared savings and other revenue enhancements† (Monheit, 2010). Those providers  that fail to do these things can expect financial penalties which will affect revenues and ultimately tarnish a provider’s credit profile. â€Å"Accountable care may still be gestational in most areas of the nation, but the concept appears to be taking hold and will eventually replace large portions of our existing fee-for-service system† (Berenson Zukerman, 2010). Moreover, the health care reform will also call for more care to be provided outside of the hospitals with specific provisions focusing on increasing the quality of preventative care. This will likely result in a major rise in demand for ambulatory, or outpatient care. At the same time, Montefiore Medical Center and other hospital care facilities will shift a greater focus on critical care patient. In conclusion, the health care reform, Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act (PPACA), commonly called the Affordable Care Act (ACA) or Obamacare, may make some marginal gains in the area of access, cost and quality, but will not remedy all access, cost and quality problems in the health care delivery system. Experts also believe the added demand of the health care reform will mean a major increase in job openings within the healthcare industry. Some  predict as many as â€Å"250,000 to 400,000 jobs annually over the next ten years – as well as an increase in scope and location of available jobs† (Katz, 2013). For example, hospitals like Montefiore Medical Center will be staffing more critical care nurses while registered nurses and other patient care positions may have more opportunities at outpatient sites, such as clinics or other non-critical medical facilities. The health care reform changes are right around the corner and subsequently there will likely be a lot of transformation happening in the healthcare delivery system over the next few years. How to cite Healthcare Reform and Its Impact on the Delivery System, Papers

More Than a Cover free essay sample

Trail By merely glancing at T. L. s Paper Trail album cover, one may Just see a portrait of the rapper and find themselves completely blind of the cultural ideologies and messages being conveyed through the art. Upon taking a first look of the album, the collage of papers depicting the artist seems simplistic, but in reality, a deeper look at the art reveals the portrayal of cultural ideologies, the Impact of society on hip hop artists, and defiant Identities.All of these themes presented on the album cover have n equal influence on the artists appeal to his audience and the representation of his identity on a larger scale. Ian Wright, the Illustrator of the album cover, combined scrap paper and money In the collage to create the Image of T. L. Depicting the rapper In this way actualities a relationship with the title of the album, Paper Trail. We will write a custom essay sample on More Than a Cover or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page By creating a collage likeness of the rapper, Wright was able to literally define the meaning of title of the album with scrap paper.This image of various artistic elements making up the portrait metaphorically Illustrates the Idea that T. I. Is Influenced by many different aspects In he world. If the image of T. L. Was merely a straightforward picture taken of him, the audience would not get the full effect of his influences coming from many different places to make up who he truly is. One aspect of who he truly Is follows traits of a hustler. The use of money along with paper scraps to make up this collage shows the Importance of money In his life and in the hip hop culture.As a self-proclaimed hustler, T. L. Draws upon this cultural ideology of the importance of money through his album art. The idea of being a hustler has become Increasingly more popular In the lives of Black males. This Importance partially stems from the way that mass media teaches young Black males that money is everything and the way that it is made doesnt matter (Hooks 17). This importance attributed to materialistic values has made hustling for money by any means necessary more acceptable In the hip hop culture, creating ease In T. . s depiction of Its Importance. The ideas depicted on the cover of his post prison album gave greater power to T. L. When establishing an appeal to his target audience. As he went through trials in his life, some people shunned his behavior and perhaps even the hustler lifestyle hat he represented. The judgments passed on the rapper follow a mainstream ideology of society that was hugely influenced by mass media shown in the article, Hippo and Race. The media described hip hop as created by poor young blacks in the inner city who didnt fit into the mainstream society (Morgan and Fischer 510). This Idea that society took on has had a huge Influence on the perception of hip hop culture and the artists associated with it. This societal effect on the hip hop culture creates a link between T. L. s musical and personal attributes and his target audience- 1 OFF his connection to the audience illustrates how many people can relate to T. L. In the way that he was Judged by society as a misfit.Many hip hop supporters encompassing his target audience can identify with his experiences in the ways that they have not been fully accepted into society because of their skin color, beliefs, background, sexual orientation, or gender. By identifying a common struggle with his fans, T. L. Is able to appeal to his target audience before they even hear his music. All of the aspects of who T. L. Truly is as a person and rapper were depicted on his album cover in a way that yelled to the oral, This is me! This straight forward and unapologetic manner of presenting his self-identity was shown through the chosen typography of the title on the cover. The bold black font presented the ideas of the cover in a way that showed T. L. Has confirmed his identity and is confident in what that identity contains. His defiance in displaying his identity reflects the idea that he is not like everyone else in his social class or hip hop cultural group. When many social scientists studied the urban class in the past, they would often link together many completely different types of people onto that one class (Kelley 137).Ian Wrights ability to illustrate the different parts of T. L. Through a collage proves how unrealistic it is for the urban class or any group of people to be linked together based on their socio-economic status or the neighborhood they reside in because each person is made up of so many completely different aspects. T. L. s ability to show that his identity was created by many different aspects of his environment offers confidence to his target audience in being able to proudly show their true identities and prove that they dont exemplify all stereotypes created by society.Through the use of creative artistry in collaring and bold typography, the message that T. L. Was looking to convey through his album cover was effective. It proved his ability to relate and appeal to his target audience by drawing upon trends and cultural ideology. By presenting a collage of the artist with many different elements, the album cover was able to speak of the hybridism of T. L. s personality, background, and influences. This representation bolstered the power that the rapper has in relating to his target audience and defining the relationship between society and people in the hip hop culture.

Friday, May 1, 2020

Economy And Innovations In Technology †MyAssignmenthelp.com

Question: Discuss about the Economy And Innovations In Technology. Answer: Introduction: With progressing economy and innovations in technology and production, newer sectors are gaining more and more importance in the globalized market. One of the primary developing sectors in the current business world is the telecommunication sector. The sector deals with transmission of vocal, verbal or word messages across the globe and with time, the sector has seen massive dynamics with innovations in the concerned technologies (Bigliardi, Ivo Dormio and Galati 2012). Nowadays, this sector has gained utmost importance, with businesses going global, as most of the commercial activities are done through this medium. The report discusses the telecommunication sector in Australia, its current dynamics, players and the issues faced by the players as well as the clientele, as is evident from the survey conducted by the Australian Competition and Consumer Commission (ACCC). From economic perspective, these issues are tried to be analyzed and explained in this report (Accc.gov.au, 2017). Telecommunication Market: Australia: The telecommunication market in Australia is one of the most significant revenue generating market, which has seen consistent rise in the number of consumers over the years. The need for the development of this sector has been constantly increasing due to the economic boom and business prospect that the country is showing. The main products of this market are landline service, broadband internet and mobile and data services, the third product seeing significant increase in the demand with time, the demand for the former two remaining significantly high (Makwana, Sharma and Arora 2014). The market in the country has a big player along with several medium and small ones, thereby giving a distorted semi-monopolistic structure to the concerned market. The big player being Telstra and the other players being Optus, TPG, iiNet and others, the market, though seeing a recent hike in the level of prices, the demand is also showing a continual upward trend. The market shares of the different players in Australia, on the producer side can be shown as follows: Table 1: Market shares for fixed line broadband: Provider Share of market (%) Telstra 41 iiNet 15 Optus 14 TPG 12 Others 18 (Source: Communications.gov.au, 2017) Table 2: Market shares for mobile services: Provider Share of market (%) Telstra 45 Vodafone 18 Optus 27 Others 10 (Source: Communications.gov.au, 2017) Form the above tables, it is evident that Telstra enjoys a huge market share, both in landline services as well as mobile services and the company enjoys almost monopolistic kind of market power, with the other service providers enjoying much lower shares in the telecommunication market of the country. With much of the market share in the hands of a single service providers, the market shows a semi-monopolistic structure, with the economic issues of trade off between equity and efficiency cropping up in the market. This is discussed in details in the following sections of the report, with the help of the study findings of the ACCC (Alizadeh 2015). Issues in the telecommunication market of Australia: As shown in the above discussions, the market structure of this sector in Australia is not that of a perfectly competitive type, which in its turn leads to several distortions and unequal distribution of facilities and advantages, both on the producer side and the consumer side, in this market. The issues, as can be derived from the study findings are as follows: The primary player in this market, Telstra, has been in the scenario for quite a long time and has and is still enjoying significant favors and subsidies from the Australian government. Over the years, the company has received huge subsidies in the form of the National Broadband Network Company Agreement or the Obligation of Universal Services, which were basically given to the company in order to ensure equitable as well as superior quality distribution of their services at affordable prices, to people across the country and of different income strata. However, the company has used these subsidies for fulfillment of their vested interest and has achieved significant share of the market overtime (Crouch and Davies 2013). The customer complaints and submissions, as were received by the ACCC, puts forward the efficiency issue of the NBN services. The main issue as has been put forward by them is the issue of inequitable distribution of the services across the country, especially between the urban and more developed regions and the rural and the remote regions. The rural sector customers of the NBN plan, though pay the same amount for availing the service as paid by the urban ones (Crouch and Davies 2013). However, they complain about the distinctively slower speed they receive as compared to their urban counterparts, along with other problems like that of outdate d materials usage, using of fiber in some places and mixed technologies in other places. These problems have created lack of confidence among the rural customer, who, with the progress in the economy and the change in the business modes, are willing to adapt to the new age technologies. The customers are also not happy in terms of the quality of services and follow-ups in case of complaints (Alizadeh 2013). The organizational structure of the NBN and that of Telstra, is also expected to contribute to the issues of market distortions as together they portray a cartel like structure. The symbiotic, profit maximizing mode of operations of this collusion has in one way ruled out the potential competitions as the monopoly they enjoy due to the presence of increasing returns to scale, cannot be challenged by other players in the market. Many of the potential competitors, though are providing superior services, cannot compete with Telstra, in terms of prices as the latter already has a cost advantage (Patel 2017). The issues, as discussed above, show the trade-off between the equity and efficiency in the market. Due to the lack of quality and customer satisfaction, Telstra is seeing a loss in their clientele as many of the loyal customers shifting to other service providers. Conclusion: The report shows the conflict between equity and efficiency that arises in the telecommunication market of Australia, due to the presence of unequal distribution of market power among one government aided and privileged service providing giant and a few smaller competitors. The reluctant nature of the former and the discrimination in the quality of service provided by the company has given rise to huge dissatisfaction on part of the customers, many of whom are shifting to other service providers, choosing quality over affordability due to the necessary nature of the service discussed about in the report. References Accc.gov.au (2017).Communications sector market study. [online] Australian Competition and Consumer Commission. Available at: https://www.accc.gov.au/about-us/market-studies/communications-sector-market-study [Accessed 2 Sep. 2017]. Alizadeh, T., 2013. Towards the socio-economic patterns of the national broadband network rollout in Australia.State of Australian Cities, Sydney. Accessed December,31. Alizadeh, T., 2015. The spatial justice implications of telecommunication infrastructure: The socio-economic status of early National Broadband Network rollout in Australia.International Journal of Critical Infrastructures,11(3), pp.278-296. Bigliardi, B., Ivo Dormio, A. and Galati, F., 2012. The adoption of open innovation within the telecommunication industry.European Journal of Innovation Management,15(1), pp.27-54. Communications.gov.au (2017). [online] Available at: https://www.communications.gov.au/sites/g/files/net301/f/Vodafone%20-%20Attachment%20E.pdf [Accessed 2 Sep. 2017]. Crouch, A. and Davies, S., 2013. A coordinated satellite and terrestrial microwave backhaul for cellular mobile in remote and regional Australia.Australian Journal of Telecommunications and the Digital Economy,1(1), p.2. Makwana, K., Sharma, N. and Arora, S., 2014. Factors influencing consumer brand switching behavior in telecommunication industry: An empirical study.Prestige eJ. Management and Res,1(1), pp.1-10. Patel, A., 2017. Equity and Efficiency. InMental HealthEconomics (pp. 155-161). Springer, Cham.

Monday, April 13, 2020

An Analysis Essay of Sick by Shel Silverstein Sample

An Analysis Essay of Sick by Shel Silverstein SampleMy mother will tell you how much I like an analysis essay of sick by Shel Silverstein. She told me she had read it many times, and it is one of her favorites as well.The fact that she has never read it herself is surprising to me. She tells me that she would love to learn the meaning of the poem, and if that means that I am not as into it as she is, I am at least prepared to give it a try.First, I want to say that I always take notes while I write. This makes writing a narrative essay much easier. I am able to plan out my time, and I know what to do in each paragraph.Another thing that makes my essay different from other essays is that I am able to place all the information I know about the disease in the essay. The more I learned about the disease, the more I felt like writing. This essay takes place almost entirely on illness, but you can expect me to talk about any other aspect of the disease that you may be interested in.To make this essay interesting, I made some changes. I did not say anything about my illness, and instead talked about other aspects of my life.In the essay, I shared the name of my brother and sister. I was able to do this because I had their names, and therefore I was able to bring them up in the article. This may not sound important, but it did for me.To conclude, I wanted to tell you that this essay may take a while to finish. I have not had any success with any of my shorter essays so far. But I am committed to finishing this, and even if it takes longer than usual, I think that will pay off in the end.

Saturday, March 21, 2020

Confucius Essay Example

Confucius Essay When someone thinks about Confucius, thefirst thing that comes to mind is the Confucius says jokes.Though Confucius sayings where all but a joke.In his wise sayings, Confucius tried to bring people to a virtuous way of life and respect for the teaching of wise men of older generations.Some of Confuciuss sayings were gathered and put into a book called The Analects.In The Analects, Confucius describes the ideal person or what is otherwise known as the perfect gentleman.His description critiques what it takes to become the perfect gentleman.Confucius describes the perfect gentlemen of being moral, but what does he really mean by moral.Confuciuss behavior also in many ways described the perfect gentleman. Confucius spoke much about the perfect gentleman.In his preaching, Confucius described how to become a perfect gentleman.He believed that by spending time finding errors in others, a person would be able to find errors within himself.The Master said, it is not the failure of others t o appreciate your abilities that should trouble you, but rather your failure to appreciate theirs. (Lau, 62)By finding errors in ones self a person then would be able to correct them and be one step closer to becoming the ideal gentleman.Confucius believed that when someone spent a lot of time with friends and family that they should just listen to them talk.Just by listening to them talk one would be able to pick up traits on how to become an ideal gentleman.The Master said,when you meet someone better than yourself, turn your thoughts to becoming his equal.When you meet someone not as good as you are, look within and examine your own self. (Lau, 74)A person should also talk in order to get to know other people better, and by talking he can figure out what he knows and doesnt know about being the ideal gentleman.Confucius also thought that it was import confucius Essay Example confucius Essay As he lay there on his death bed, he muttered his last words, Will no ruler take me as his master?He then died, believing that he had no influence on China.In years to come, his teachings brought prosperity to millions and his emphasis on hard work and education truly showed that he knew that every human had the capacity to be successful.He once said, Another can judge a criminal case as well as I, what I would like to do is to correct the conditions that bring these cases about.One of his main goals was to create this superior man, he wanted people to be judged on a aristocracy of noble character not noble birth.The superior man demands much of himself where as the small man demands much of others, is a direct quote taken from the Analects.The manI speak of is Kong Fu Zi, better known as Confucius. Confuciussfirst job was when he was 19, overseeing grain.Back in 525b.c, grain was a form of money, so being put in charge of the grain was not a badfirst job.He acquired the job because the person in charge heard how smart he was and just hired him on the spot.He was later put in charge of the public lands, where he worked till he was 30. He was growing tired with the business and all he really wanted to do was to restore peace in China and to end war.He quit his job, and went to the libraries in search of the key to Chinas future.While there, he discovered history and poetry books.Confucius that education was the meaning of life and that people become better when they are educated.Confucius said, When people are educated the distinction between classes disappears.Confucius had a passionate love of learning and sought to instill it in others.His aim in teaching was to nurture and develop a person so that he might become someone who would be useful to his state, rather than to produce a scholar belonging to any one philosophic schoo Confucius Essay Example Confucius Paper They have distinctly different beliefs. Confucianism was developed by a Chinese philosopher named KÂ ¶Eng FUzi (551- 479 BCC), also known as Confucius. He was a knowledgeable man who thought about how people should live, how righteousness (Lie) can be achieved and how the society or government should be structured. The Analects of Confucius explains how men can become a gentlemen. If a man follows the rules of Confucius and completes all his duties of his status, he could influence others In society to be honorable, hardworking, honest, and just. A gentleman said, Feels bad when his capableness fall short of the task. He does not feel bad when people fall to recognize him (15. 18). A gentlemen Is different because he does not care about personal gains; his Integrity Is more Important. He never stated whether humans were born evil or good, he did however say that humanity shared the same qualities. They all have the ability to be conditioned through studying and practicing. During the warring states period, Han Fizz (280-233 BC) and Shank Yang (390-338 BC) wanted people to follow a philosophy that could strengthen the government and to create laws that are firmer. Legalism may have originated from Zinc (312-230 SC), a student of Confucius. He believed that all men were born evil and their natural self-interest dominates them the moment they are born, the desire for love, wealth, and power causes people to conduct impulsive actions. Legalism has a set of rules and if they are broken, there will be consequences and punishments. This related to the First Emperor Sin Slashing Dells book burning. The three elements of a proper government based on legalists are power and position (SSL), administrative techniques and methods (Chub ND comprehensive systems of law (FAA). We will write a custom essay sample on Confucius specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Confucius specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Confucius specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer Confucius and Legalism did not preach an afterlife, so if one needed mental support Confucius would tell them to rely on books and knowledge for comfort and Han Fee-Uzi would tell one to be diligent with work. According to a Confucianism, a ruler has to be worthy in order for his subjects to obey him. In the Emperor Tagging on Effective Government it wrote, When a ruler looks as lofty and firm as a mountain peak People will admire and respect him (112). The government was created to assist the people. In a legalists perspective, the overspent comes before anything else and the people are there to serve the government. Legalism believes one should prepare for war and contribute In physical labor, but Confucianism believes life should be centered more on education and advancing your talking to promote better living styles. In East Asia: a Cultural, Social, and Political History It says, Ruler should promote worthy and capable, Lossless ten Incompetent, Ana puns ten evil (2 Legally TTS Delve Tanat violence and abuse can control the people while Confucianism believe that an educated ruler can regulate the people. They both have different views on ruling the government and how rulers should act. Confucius precepts and standards gained new currency in the Han Empire. However, administrators appeared to have accepted the philosophy of Legalism without openly promoting it. A reason why the Han dynasty lasted for more than 400 years is because the Han emperors implemented a combination of legalism and Confucianism called imperial Confucianism. This ideology helps provide a leader who does not execute his power through violence. Instead, a ruler needs to be progressive and set a moral example in order for other to embrace his leadership. The imperial examinations were tests on the Confucian classics to select officials for the state bureaucracy. His officials had to have knowledge and the government had a mix of Confucianism and Legalism. The stem to all the chaos was to incorporate the practices and other philosophies from the golden age. The altercation would bring unity to the people and would become fruitful to the government. Despite the difference between Legalism and Confucianism, it was an intelligent idea for the Han Dynasty to utilize them together to promote a successful government for 400 years.

Thursday, March 5, 2020

Why the Model T Is Called the Tin Lizzie

Why the Model T Is Called the Tin Lizzie Despite its initial humble appearance,  the Model T became the most influential car of the 20th century. Priced so that the average American could afford it, the Model T was sold from 1908 until 1927. Many also may know Henry Fords Model T by its nickname, the Tin Lizzie, but you may not know why the Model T is called the Tin Lizzie and how it got its nickname. A 1922 Car Race In the early 1900s, car dealers would try to create publicity for their new automobiles by hosting car races. In 1922  a championship race was held in Pikes Peak, Colorado. Entered as one of the contestants was Noel Bullock and his Model T, named Old Liz. Since Old Liz looked the worse for wear, as it was unpainted and lacked a hood, many spectators compared Old Liz to a tin can. By the start of the race, the car had the new nickname of Tin Lizzie. But to everyones surprise, Tin Lizzie won the race. Having beaten even the most expensive other cars available at the time, Tin Lizzie proved both the durability and speed of the Model T. Tin Lizzies surprise win was reported in newspapers across the country, leading to the use of the nickname Tin Lizzie for all Model T cars. The car also had a couple of other nicknames- Leaping Lena and flivver- but it was the Tin Lizzie moniker that stuck. Rise to Fame Henry Fords Model T cars opened up the roads for the American middle class. The car was affordable because of Fords simple but ingenious use of the assembly line, which increased productivity. Because of this increase in productivity, the price dropped from $850 in 1908 to less than $300 in 1925. The Model T was named the most influential car of the 20th century as it became a symbol of Americas modernization. Ford built 15 million Model T cars between 1918 and 1927, representing  as much as 40 percent of all car sales in the United States, depending on the year. Black is the color associated with the Tin Lizzie- and that was the only color available from 1913 to 1925- but initially, black was not available. Early buyers had a choice of gray, blue, green, or red. The Model T was available in three styles; all mounted on a 100-inch-wheelbase chassis: The five-seat touring carThe two-seat runaboutThe seven-seat town car   Modern Usage Tin Lizzie is still most associated with the Model T, but the  term is used colloquially  today to describe a small, cheap car that looks like it is in a beat-up condition. But keep in mind that looks can be deceiving.  To go the way of the Tin Lizzie is a phrase that refers to something outdated that has been replaced by a newer and better product, or even a belief or behavior.